Seismic measurements beneath Kikai caldera have found a substantial region rich in magma, the hot, melted rock beneath Earth’s surface.

Measurements made by studying vibrations in the ground. Here, they helped researchers find magma underground.

Seismic measurements beneath Kikai caldera have found a substantial region rich in magma, the hot, melted rock beneath Earth’s surface.

A large hollow or depression formed when a volcano collapses after an eruption.

A caldera is a large volcanic depression.

A large hollow or depression formed by volcanic activity.

Researchers say its position and size suggest it is the same magma reservoir involved in that eruption.

An underground area where melted rock collects beneath a volcano.

Seismic observations and chemical evidence point to fresh injections of molten rock from deeper underground.

Rock that has melted because it is very hot.

Understanding this process may help scientists assess the long-term behavior of very large volcanoes.

To study something and judge its nature or importance.

The report says the replenishment does not mean such an eruption is imminent.

Likely to happen very soon.

The finding tells us about what is stored underground and how it may have arrived; it does not set out a timetable for an eruption.

To give a schedule showing when something is expected to happen.

My reading is that this is an important change in scientists’ picture of Kikai, not a forecast of an immediate disaster.

A statement about what is likely to happen in the future.

The key point is that the ancient eruption and the magma now beneath the volcano appear to be connected, while the magma itself may be newly injected.

Here, it means newly pushed into an underground area.