Nora, an international team has published guidelines for personalized phage therapy.

Treatment that uses viruses called phages to fight bacteria.

Phage therapy uses selected phages to target the bacteria causing a particular infection.

Treatment that uses chosen phages to attack the bacteria causing an infection.

Does it mean doctors should now use phage therapy routinely?

Using this treatment as a normal, regular practice.

Controlled clinical trials have not yet established how reliably phage therapy works.

Treatment that uses phages to fight bacteria.

Phage therapy uses selected phages to target the bacteria causing a particular infection.

Here, to target means to act against specific bacteria.

A phage that attacks one strain of bacteria may not work against another.

A strain is a particular type of bacteria.

So a laboratory needs to test whether a candidate phage can attack the strain found in a patient’s infection.

The strain is the particular type of bacteria in the patient’s infection.

A Belgian case series followed 100 people who received phage treatment.

A report describing a group of people with similar treatment or health experiences.

What should listeners take away from this work?

Here, take away means understand and remember as the main message.